Mechanical Engineering Science

Optimization of Process Parameters of Laser Cladding 304L Alloy Powder Based on Orthogonal Experiment

SHULinsen, WANGBo, HEYayin

Abstract


In order to find the optimal combination of process parameters for laser cladding 304L alloy powder on the surface of 45 steel, a combination method of single factor test and multi-factor orthogonal experiment was used to perform the single pulse laser cladding experiment. The effects of process parameters (pulse current A, pulse width B, pulse frequency C,defocus distance D, scan velocity E) on the morphology and performance of cladding layer was studied by range analysis, and the optimal combination of cladding parameters is calculated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results show that different process parameters have different effects on the morphology of the cladding layer and scanning velocity E and defocus distance D are the most important influencing factor of cladding morphology. The effect on cladding width is D> C > A > B > E and the effect on cladding height is E > A > C > D > B. The optimal combination of cladding width is A4B4C4D4E2. The optimal combination of cladding high is A2B1C1D4E1. The comprehensive optimal process parameters are pulse current 210A, pulse width 3.6ms, pulse frequency 16Hz, defocus distance +10mm and scanning speed 240mm/min. The average hardness of the cladding layer, melting pool, heat-affected zone and substrate under the optimal process parameters is 406.2 HV0.5, 470.8 HV0.5, 230.5HV0.5 and 202.0HV0.5, respectively. The 304L cladding layer on 45 steel surface is stable in width, height and surface quality under comprehensive optimal parameters.

Keywords


laser optical; the optimal process; orthogonal test; 304L alloy powder; laser cladding; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Full Text:

PDF

References


C. Brunner-Schwera, T. Petrata, B. Grafa, et al.. High speed-plasma-laser-cladding of thin wear resistance coatings: A process approach as a hybrid metal deposition-technology [J]. Vacuum, 2019, 166 : 123-126.

E Govekar, A Jeromen, A Kuznetsov, et al.. Study of an annular laser beam based axially-fed powder cladding process [J]. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 67: 241-244.

Guo W, Zhang Y P, Chai R X. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Single-Track Laser Cladding of 304 Stainless Steels [J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2019, 56(9): 091401-1-7.

Yu T B, Song B X, Xi W C. Influence of Laser Cladding Process Parameters on Morphology of Cladding Layer and Its Optimization [J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2019, 40(4): 537-542.

Navas C, Conde A, Fernandez B J, et al.. Laser coatings to improve wear resistance of mouldsteel[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2005,194(1):136-142.

Huang Y, Sun W L, Chen Y. Trajectory planning of laser cladding remanufacturing for complex shaft shaped part [J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(5):0506005.

Wang H, Wang L W , Wang T, et al..Method and implementation of remanufacture and repair of aircraft engine damaged blades[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2016,37(3): 1036-1048.

Feng H,Li J F,Sun J. Study on Remanufacturing Repair of Damaged Crank Shaft Surface by Laser Cladding [J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2014,41(8): 0803003.

Liu F G, Lin X, Song K. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Forming Repaired 300M Steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2017,53(3):325-334.

Xu B S, Fang J X, Dong S Y, et al..Heat-affected Zone Microstructure Evolution And Its Effects On Mechanical Properties For Laser Cladding FV520B Stainless Steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2016,52(1):1-8.

Song M, Kan Y, Cheng Z H, et al..Study on Microstructure and Performance of Laser Cladding Layer on Ultra-high Strength Stainless Steel Surface[J].Hot Working Technology, 2017,46(6):148-151+154.

Parekh R, Buddu R K, Patel R I. Multiphysics Simulation of Laser Cladding Process to Study the Effect of Process Parameters on Clad Geometry [J]. Procedia Technology, 2016, 23: 529-536.

Jiao X Y, Wang J, Wang C M, et al..Effect of laser scanning speed on microstructure and wear properties of T15M cladding coating fabricated by laser cladding technology[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2018,110: 163-171.

Lei J F, Qi W J, Xie Y D, et al..Optimization of Process Parameters of Laser Cladding Ni60-25%WC Coating on U71Mn Steel[J].Surface Technology,2018,47(3):66-70.

Zan S P, Jiao J K, Zhang W W. Study on laser cladding process of 316L stainless steel power[J].Laser & Optoelectronics Progress,2016,6:061406.

Xu M S,Li J F ,Li H D, et al..Influence on Powders and Process Parameters on Bonding Shear Strength in Laser Cladding[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(9): 209-216.

Xu Q K, Hu J D, Zhang W C. Application of TiBCN Powder as Additive in Laser Cladding of 45 Steel[J]. Applied Laser,2018,38(1):7-11.

Liu X M, Xie J J, Chen H. Manufacturing Stamping Die by Laser Cladding Ni35B+WC on the Surface of 45 Steel [J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(2):247-250.

Li B C, Zhao Y, Yu T B, et al.. Experimental Study of Single Pass Cladding Layers for Process Parameter Selection of Laser Cladding Ni204 Alloy [J]. Applied Laser,2018, 38(5):713-719.

B Bax, R Rajput, R Kellet, et al.. Systematic evaluation of process parameter maps for laser cladding and directed energy deposition [J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2018, 21: 487-494.

Li Y J, Dong S Y, Yan S X, et al.. Elimination of voids by laser remelting during laser cladding Ni based alloy on gray cast iron [J]. Optics and Laser Technology, 2019, 112: 30-38.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/me.v1i2.1656

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Linsen SHU, Bo WANG, Yayin HE

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.