体能科学

血流限制训练对龙舟运动员基础体能、FMS及本体感觉的影响

袭慕伟 (东新大学运动医学系), 李重澈 (东新大学运动医学系)

摘要


目的:评估为期6周的低强度血流限制训练对存在腰痛的龙舟精英运动员的基础体能、功能性动作筛查评分、本体感觉能力及主观腰痛症状的影响。方法:采用随机试验设计,纳入20例持续感觉腰痛且符合纳入标准的龙舟运动员,随机分为实验组(BFR组,n=10)与组(n=10)。BFR组接受每周2次、持续6周、强度为30%1RM的下肢抗阻训练,训练时对大腿近端腹股沟下5cm施加压带;对照组接受相同动作、相同同频次70%1RM强度的传统高强度训练。前测与后测项目包括:基础体能(下肢1RM、握力、划船机20min距离、立定跳远、30m冲刺等)、FMS(7项动作评分,总分21分)、本体感觉(BESS和Y-Balance测试)及主观腰痛评估(VAS)。采用双因素重复测量方差分析检验时间与组别效应及其交互作用,必要时做简单效应分析;并进行多元回归以探讨训练组别对功能性指标的独立预测作用。显著性水平设为95% CI,P<0.05。结果:两组基线数据无显著差异(P>0.05)。在下肢1RM、FMS总分、Y-Balance标准化综合得分及VAS等指标上,均出现显著的时间×组别交互作用(下肢1RM:F(1,18)=8.75,P<0.01;FMS:F(1,18)=12.34,P<0.01;Y-Balance:F(1,18)=9.62,PP<0.01)。BFR组下肢1RM平均提高约15.2%,显著优于对照组(约9.8%);BFR组FMS总分由13.2±1.6提升至16.8±1.2(P<0.01),而对照组变化不显著;BESS总误差分在BFR组显著下降,Y-Balance综合得分由88.2±4.1%提升至94.5±3.8%(P<0.05);VAS在BFR组显著下降(P<0.01)。多元回归显示训练组别(BFR)为FMS与Y-Balance 改善的独立正向预测因子(β= 0.512,P<0.01;β=0.467,P<0.05)。结论:6周30% 1RM的低强度BFR下肢训练可显著提升龙舟运动员的下肢最大力量、功能性动作质量与动态平衡能力,但不增加腰椎机械负荷,有效缓解主观腰痛症状。BFR训练可作为运动员传统高强度训练的安全替代或重要补充,具有现实推广价值。

关键词


血流限制训练;龙舟运动;FMS;本体感觉;体能;腰痛

全文:

PDF

参考


王鹤玮,曹叶凡,戎宇,等.血流限制训练在骨科术后康复中的应用进展[J].中国康复,2024,39(10):625-630.

Cadegiani,F.A.,&Kater,C.E.Novel causes and consequences of overtraining syndrome:The EROS-DISRUPTORS study[J].BMC Sports Science,Medicine and Rehabilitation,2019(11):21.

Da Silva,J.C.T.,de Oliveira,et al.Effects of blood flow restriction training on strength and functional performance in older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2020,34(6):1742-1751.

Ge,Z.,&Zhang,Z.Functional movement screening (FMS) in physical training for “Little Basketball” players applied research[J].Advances in Physical Sciences,2023,11(4):1018-1023.

Cook G.,Burton L.,Hoogenboom B..Pre-participation screening:the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function — part 1[J].North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy,2006,1(2):62-72.

Filippou,D.K.,Korres,et al.Functional movement screening in athletes:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine,2020,8(4):1-11.

刘洪举,王鹤玮,李欣禹,等.血流限制训练对肌肉力量和耐力的影响:系统评价与Meta分析[J].中国康复医学杂志,2022,37(5):623-629.

刘俊华,杨凌,杨冬.本体感觉与运动控制研究进展[J].生理科学进展,2021,52(4):259-264.

Counts,B.R.,Dankel,S.J.,Barnett,B.E.,et al.The influence of cuff width and sex on arterial occlusion:Implications for blood flow restriction research[J].Physiological Measurement,2016,37(8):1285-1294.

陈蓓,曾庆,项译,等.不同模式下血流限制治疗老年性肌肉减少症的效果与安全因素[J].中国组织工程研究,2025,29(12):3734-3739.

Abe,T.,Fujita,S.,Nakajima,T.,et al.Effects of low-intensity cycle training with restricted leg blood flow on thigh muscle volume and VO2max in young men[J].Journal of Sports Science &Medicine,2010,9(3):452-458.

苏明莉,刘安国,魏玉婷.前交叉韧带损伤后血流限制训练的康复研究现状[J].中国康复,2025,40(1):50-55.

李欣禹.低负荷血流限制训练在肌少症中的应用研究进展[J].湖北体育科技,2023,42(1):85-90.

世界中医药杂志(美国版).疼痛强度评估:视觉模拟量表(VAS)临床应用规范[J].世界中医药杂志,2025,7(1):94-97.

Hughes,L.,Paton,B.,Rosenblatt,B.,et al.Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].British Journal of Sports Medicine,2017,51(13):1003-1011.

Al-Azzawi,M.H.,&Al-Jumaili,A.M.Effects of blood flow restriction training on functional movement screen scores in middle-aged adults: A randomized controlled trial[J].Advances in Functional Movement &Exercise Science,2025,3(1):45-52.

Patterson,S.D.,Hughes,L.,Warmington,S.,et al.Blood Flow Restriction Exercise:Considerations of Methodology,Application,and Safety[J].Frontiers in physiology,2019(10):533.

Tang,J.,Xu,C.,Gui,W.,et al.Effects of blood flow restriction combined with endurance training on athletes'aerobic capacity,lower limb muscle strength,anaerobic power and sports performance: a meta-analysis[J].BMC Sports Science,Medicine and Rehabilitation,2025(17):160.

Slysz,J.,Stultz,J.,&Burr,J.F.The efficacy of blood flow restricted exercise:A systematic review & meta-analysis[J].Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,2016,19(8):669-675.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/jscs.v5i5.17662

Refbacks

  • 当前没有refback。


版权所有(c){$ COPYRIGHTYEAR} {$ copyrightHolder}

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0国际许可协议的许可。