体能科学

从恐惧回避到行为重建:慢性肌骨疼痛患者运动参与障碍的心理机制与康复策略

王扶耒 (东新大学), 侯太甫 (漯河医学高等专科学校), 曺芝熏 (东新大学)

摘要


目的:从恐惧回避模型视角分析慢性肌骨疼痛患者运动参与障碍的心理机制,并讨论其对运动康复的启示。方法:围绕疼痛灾难化、运动恐惧和疼痛自我效能,梳理其与运动参与相关的研究,结合现有证据分析患者活动回避及重新参与运动的过程。结果:慢性肌骨疼痛患者运动参与不足不能完全由疼痛程度或身体功能解释。疼痛灾难化会影响患者对疼痛及运动风险的判断,运动恐惧与活动回避密切相关,疼痛自我效能则关系到患者在疼痛存在或波动时是否愿意继续活动。运动康复过程中,患者对疼痛的认识、实际运动体验和自身能力判断均会影响后续运动参与。结论:慢性肌骨疼痛运动康复除改善疼痛和身体功能外,还应关注患者日常活动和运动参与的恢复。对于存在明显回避行为的患者,可结合其疼痛认知、运动体验及运动执行情况调整康复训练。

关键词


疼痛灾难化;运动恐惧;疼痛自我效能;行为改变;功能恢复

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参考


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/jscs.v6i5.20674

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