自然科学研究

甘蔗渣生物炭基催化剂构效关系在环境能源应用中的研究进展

李云翔 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 张立旺 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 李文轩 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 覃佳勇 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 吴雨 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 罗忠玮 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院), 黄在银 (广西民族大学 化学化工学院)

摘要


甘蔗渣作为制糖工业的典型副产物，凭借其天然多级孔结构、丰富表面官能团及可再生特性，成为构建低成本、可持续光/电催化剂的理想碳基载体。本论文系统综述了甘蔗渣碳基材料在光/电催化领域的协同改性策略与应用进展。通过热解活化、元素掺杂（如N、S、Co）、半导体复合（如Cu2O、TiO2/SiO2）及异质结工程（Z型、S型）等技术，精准调控材料的孔隙结构、能带特性与界面电子传输机制，显著提升其催化活性与稳定性。研究表明，优化后的甘蔗渣基催化剂对氧四环素、环丙沙星等污染物展现出高效降解能力（降解率＞90%），并具有可见光驱动的产氢潜力（12.8μmol·g-1·h-1）。异质结设计与多级孔结构的协同作用，使载流子分离效率提升至78.5%，同时石墨化碳层与界面化学键合（如C-O-M键）增强材料导电性与循环稳定性（50次循环后效率衰减＜10%）。此外，绿色改性工艺（如低温热解、生物质还原剂）有效降低碳足迹，推动农林废弃物资源化与绿色制造。未来研究需进一步阐明光/电协同机制，优化大电流密度下的界面稳定性，并拓展其在能源转化与环境污染治理中的规模化应用。本论文为设计“吸附-催化”耦合体系及高值化利用生物质废弃物提供了理论依据与技术范式。

关键词


甘蔗渣；光/电催化；碳基载体：协同改性策略

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参考


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/nsr.v2i1.15888

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