自然科学研究

定向能量沉积钛合金相变模拟研究

刘玉婷 (太原理工大学纺织工程学院), 陈明葳 (华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院), 翟文正 (华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院)

摘要


针对定向能量沉积(DED)损伤容限型TC4-DT钛合金非平衡冷却过程中β→α相变组织不均匀的问题,文章构建了基于非平衡驱动力、各向异性界面能与长程弹性相互作用的相场模型,并嵌入形核算法,实现了形核-生长-粗化的跨阶段模拟。并系统研究了弹性应变能对变体竞争路径的择优效应、冷却速率对形核密度和板条尺度的定量调控,以及热源对横向组织均匀性的优化。结果表明,弹性应变能使变体竞争强度指数提升约144%,是诱发织构取向和力学各向异性的核心物理机制;当冷速由100K/s升至200K/s时,过冷度积累加速使有效形核数增加约38%,平均等效直径细化28.2%,其本质是高冷速抑制了Ostwald熟化。特别地,文章提出“特征尺寸不均匀度系数(δ)”作为工艺评价指标,发现振荡激光通过均化横向热通量分布,将中心-边缘的δ值由纯电弧模式的32.4%大幅压缩至6.8%,近乎消除位置依赖的组织离散性。结合损伤容限需求,建立了“板条尺度-裂纹偏转韧性增量”的量化映射,为DED钛合金热源工艺定向设计提供了详实的物理-力学基础。

关键词


定向能量沉积;TC4-DT钛合金;损伤容限;相场法

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参考


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/nsr.v3i3.20396

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