现代教育前沿

PBL与CBL教学法在脊柱外科本科实习临床教学中的应用效果对比研究

梁彦 (北京大学人民医院脊柱外科;北京市大兴区人民医院骨科), 孟繁星 (北京大学人民医院脊柱外科;北京市大兴区人民医院骨科), 李洪振 (北京大学人民医院脊柱外科;北京市大兴区人民医院骨科), 夏威威 (北京大学人民医院脊柱外科;北京市大兴区人民医院骨科), 胡辰甫 (北京大学人民医院脊柱外科;北京市大兴区人民医院骨科)

摘要


目的:对比问题中心教学法(PBL)与案例教学法(CBL)本科实习生教学中的应用效果,为临床教学模式优化提供依据。方法:选取2023年9月至2024年6月期间在北京大学人民医院脊柱外科习的60名临床本科学生,随机分为PBL组和CBL组,每组30人。两组同一组医生带教。PBL组围绕脊柱典型病例,通过自主学习、小组讨论、课下复盘、PPT汇报等形式教学;CBL组通过教学查房,让实习生询问病史、体格检查、汇报影像结果、小组讨论分析病例。教学结束后进行基础理论测试、实践技能测验及问卷调查评估教学效果。结果:两组实习生基线资料无统计学差异。考核成绩方面,PBL组理论考核成绩和病例分析报告评分均高于CBL组(P<0.01),尤其在“治疗方案的合理性与创新性”和“逻辑结构与文献引用”子项目上优势明显。教学满意度上,PBL组在“激发学习兴趣与主动性”“提升自主学习能力”“培养批判性思维与创新能力”和“增强团队协作与沟通能力”方面明显优于CBL组(P<0.05),在“促进基础知识掌握”方面无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:在脊柱外科本科实习临床教学中,PBL教学法在提升实习生理论知识、操作技能、病例分析及临床决策能力上表现更优,教学满意度更高,在培养自主学习、批判性思维和团队协作等核心胜任力方面优势显著,值得在脊柱外科临床实习中推广应用,建议医院和科室在师资培训等方面向PBL模式倾斜。

关键词


以问题为中心的教学法;案例教学法;骨科学;脊柱外科

全文:

PDF

参考


Shuai L, Huiwen W, Shihao D, et al. The application of flipped classroom combined with team-based learning in the orthopedic clinical teaching[J]. Medicine (Baltimore),2023,102(43):35803.

Gan W, Ouyang J, Li H, et al. Integrating ChatGPT in Orthopedic Education for Medical Undergraduates: Randomized Controlled Trial[J]. J Med Internet Res,2024(26):57037.

Mummaneni PV, Bisson EF, Barker FG 2nd, et al. Effect of Ventral vs Dorsal Spinal Surgery on Patient-Reported Physical Functioning in Patients With Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial[J]. JAMA,2021,325(10):942-951.

Xiong X, Xu J, Luo M, et al. Efficacy of problem-based learning combined with case-based learning versus lecture-based learning in orthopedic education: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Med Educ,2025,25(1):1357.

张弘韬,张云飞,牛舜,等.数字化技术联合KSP-CDIO教学模式对脊柱外科与神经外科教学质量的提升作用[J].中华神经外科疾病研究杂志,2025,19(5):154-159.

杨南,李益亮,袁率财,等.可视化教学法在脊柱外科临床见习教学查房中的应用[J].中国医药导报,2025,22(16):93-96.

Cen X Y, Hua Y, Niu S, et al. Application of case-based learning in medical student education: a meta-analysis[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2021,25(8):3173-3181.

Al-Bedaery R, Baig S, Khare Y, et al. Humanising case-based learning[J]. Med Teach,2024,46(10):1348-1355.

Trullàs JC, Blay C, Sarri E, et al. Effectiveness of problem-based learning methodology in undergraduate medical education: a scoping review[J]. BMC Med Educ,2022,22(1):104.

Nicholus G, Muwonge CM, Joseph N. The Role of Problem-Based Learning Approach in Teaching and Learning Physics: A Systematic Literature Review[J]. F1000Res,2023(12):951.

Ramdani Y, Kurniati Syam N, Karyana Y, et al. Problem-based learning in research method courses: development, application and evaluation[J]. F1000Res,2023(11):378.

王茜,罗雪峰,赵萌,等.PBL联合CBL教学模式在创伤骨科研究生教学中的应用[J].实用手外科杂志,2025,39(3):381-384.

Bains M, Kaliski D Z, Goei K A. Effect of self-regulated learning and technology-enhanced activities on anatomy learning, engagement, and course outcomes in a problem-based learning program[J]. Adv Physiol Educ,2011(1):155-136.

裴立家,汪东,刘扬,等.线上教学结合PBL及CBL教学模式在骨科教学中的应用[J].中华全科医学,2025,23(6):1041-1044.

Zheng Q M, Li Y Y, Yin Q, et al. The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared with lecture-based learning in surgical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Med Educ,2023,23(1):546.

Matlala S. Educators' perceptions and views of problem-based learning through simulation[J]. Curationis,2021,44(1):1-7.

徐韬,曹锐,牙克甫·阿不力孜,等.规范临床教学查房在培养脊柱外科规范化医师中的应用[J].新疆医学,2020,50(12):1332-1333.

唐晓杰,陈树军,曹海飞,等.PBL联合手术观摩教学法在脊柱外科教学中的应用[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2021,19(14):14-16.

Creeper F, Ivanovski S .Effect of autologous and allogenic platelet-rich plasma on human gingival fibroblast function[J].Oral Diseases,2011,18(5):494-500.

张玉娜,武霞,刘波,等.PBL联合案例式立体教学法在住院医师规范化培训脊柱外科教学中的应用[J].中国毕业后医学教育,2024,8(3):183-186.

周嘉庆,李智勇,李浩波.PBL教学法在脊柱外科教学查房中的运用效果评价[J].中国卫生产业,2024,21(7):183-185.

张扬,孙飞龙,姬宇飞,等.手术教学新技术在脊柱外科住院医师培训中的应用[J].国际骨科学杂志,2024,45(5):293-297.

Komuhangi G ,Neuhann F ,Louis R V, et al. Efficacy of Problem Based Learning approach for teaching Evidence Based Practice in midwifery and nursing education: a systematic review[J].BMC nursing,2025,24(1):1412.

Meng Q ,Miao Y ,Lv Y .Exploring the PBL Teaching Model in Clinical Medicine Based on Core Competencies[J].International Education Forum,2025,3(9):8-15.

Elgasim A M ,Alotaibi W ,Abozaid L, et al. Perceptions of Undergraduate Medical Students on Group Effectiveness in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) at Qassim University[J].Cureus,2025,17(9):92831-92831.

Wang Y A ,Zhao C H ,Song W Y, et al. Application of PBL in combination with the SP teaching method in the clinical teaching of orthopedics and traumatology[J].BMC Medical Education,2025,25(1):1113.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33142/fme.v6i11.18427

Refbacks

  • 当前没有refback。


版权所有(c){$ COPYRIGHTYEAR} {$ copyrightHolder}

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0国际许可协议的许可。